Final answer:
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) includes biological, chemical, cultural, and mechanical methods, focusing on ecologically based practices and minimizing the use of synthetic pesticides.
Step-by-step explanation:
The different types of control measures used in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) include biological, chemical, cultural, and mechanical methods. The goal of IPM is to reduce the reliance on synthetic chemicals by integrating a variety of pest control strategies. Biological control involves using natural enemies of pests, like predators or parasites, to manage pest populations. Chemical control, though used as a last resort, applies pesticides in a manner that minimizes environmental impact. Cultural methods include practices such as crop rotation and intercropping to disrupt pest habitats. Mechanical methods involve physical actions like handpicking pests or using barriers to prevent their access to crops.
Using IPM strategies, we prioritize ecologically based methods and use pesticides only when necessary. For instance, biological control options can include the introduction of species that prey upon and control pest populations. Furthermore, mechanical and cultural strategies can often be used in conjunction, as seen with the mechanical removal of invasive species that are also managed with chemical methods.