Final answer:
The statement that certain personality traits may enhance survival in specific environments is true as these traits can influence an individual's ability to survive and reproduce, leading to their propagation within the species.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement about the role of personality traits in the survival of a species is: b. Certain personality traits may enhance survival in specific environments. Personality traits can influence how individuals respond to challenges and opportunities in their environment, which corresponds with the principles of evolutionary psychology. For example, traits like caution may help individuals avoid predators, while curiosity may lead to finding new resources.
Evolutionary theories such as life-history theory and costly signaling theory examine the relationship between personality, survival, and reproductive success. Individuals with certain advantageous personality traits are more likely to reproduce and pass these traits onto their offspring, increasing the frequency of these traits in future generations.
In essence, natural selection can favor personality traits that contribute positively to survival and reproduction, which explains why variation in personality exists within a species.