Question

Can you outline the sequence of processes that a router undergoes when it receives a packet from a host and needs to deliver it to a host on another network?

Answer 1

A router receives a packet, checks the destination IP against its routing table, uses MAC addresses for forwarding, may apply NAT, and then sends the packet to the next hop.

Step-by-step explanation:

When a router receives a packet from a host that needs to be delivered to a host on another network, it undergoes several processes. First, the router examines the destination IP address of the packet and consults its routing table to determine the best path. Then, it uses Layer 2 information (such as MAC addresses) to forward the packet to the next hop on its path to the destination network. If necessary, the router will also perform Network Address Translation (NAT) if the packet is moving between private and public IP address spaces. Finally, the router forwards the packet through the appropriate interface toward its destination.