Final answer:
The three kinds of developmental reading difficulties are phonological processing disorder, rapid automatized naming, and orthographic processing disorder. These conditions exhibit challenges in manipulating sounds, naming speed, and recognizing written words, respectively. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia are learning disabilities that can underlie such developmental reading difficulties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three kinds of developmental reading difficulties are phonological processing disorder, rapid automatized naming, and orthographic processing disorder. Phonological processing disorder refers to the difficulty in recognizing and manipulating sounds in spoken words. Rapid automatized naming involves the speed at which one can name familiar objects, numbers, or letters, and is often slower in individuals with reading difficulties. Orthographic processing disorder is difficulty in recognizing written words and patterns, leading to problems with reading fluently.
Dyslexia is the most common learning disability, affecting the ability to correctly process letters and sounds, leading to difficulties with reading and writing. Dysgraphia is a condition where the physical task of writing is extremely challenging, and dyscalculia refers to difficulties in understanding numbers and mathematical concepts. These specific learning disorders highlight the multifaceted nature of reading difficulties.
It is important to recognize that learning disabilities can occur in individuals with average to above-average intelligence and that these individuals may also have comorbid conditions such as ADHD. Academic accommodations and appropriate interventions are necessary to support the educational growth of students with developmental reading difficulties.