Final answer:
Discrimination based on birthplace or nationality is a form of racism and xenophobia, where people are treated differently because they were born in another country or from a specific part of the world.
Step-by-step explanation:
Discrimination based on birthplace or nationality is a form of racism and xenophobia. It occurs when people are treated differently because they were born in another country or from a specific part of the world. This mistreatment can manifest in various ways, such as unequal access to opportunities, prejudices, stereotypes, and systemic discrimination. People who experience this type of discrimination often face challenges in areas like employment, education, and social inclusion. Examples of this can be seen throughout history, such as discrimination faced by different immigrant groups in the United States, including Irish, Italians, and Jews.