Final answer:
Atmospheric perspective is the technique of using shades of color and clarity to create the illusion of depth, with closer objects having warmer tones and clear outlines while distant objects are cooler and hazy. It is commonly used by landscape artists to give a sense of recession in space on a two-dimensional surface.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of shades of color and clarity to create the illusion of depth, where closer objects have warmer tones and clear outlines while objects set further away are cooler and become hazy, is referred to as atmospheric perspective. This technique is commonly employed by landscape artists to give a sense of recession in space on a two-dimensional surface. It is based on the principle that objects further away appear smaller, grayer, and less distinct due to atmospheric effects such as water vapor and other elements in the air that create a hazy or bluish-gray quality.