Final answer:
In unionization, 'The union' represents an organization that protects employees' interests; 'The management' refers to the employer side; 'The employees' are the workers represented by the union; and 'The government' can impact union activity through legislation. Hence, the correct answer is option (3).
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of unionization within labor markets, the following entities play distinct roles:
The union refers to an organization of workers that negotiates collectively with employers over compensation and work conditions. It serves as a unified voice for the employees, advocating for higher wages, improved benefits, and better working conditions. Unions sometimes face controversy, being seen either as defenders of workers' rights or as entities that may harm economic growth by resisting new technologies and imposing higher costs.
The management represents the employer side of the negotiation table. Management aims to control labor costs and maintain high levels of productivity, which can sometimes lead to conflicts with union goals.
The employees are the workforce that the union represents. They may join the union to seek collective bargaining power and protection against the potential exploitation by employers.
The government has a dual role: it legislates labor laws that can either facilitate or hinder the ability of unions to organize and advocate for workers, and it sometimes acts as a mediator in disputes between unions and management.