Final answer:
Global business participation can be discouraged by cultural differences, language barriers, trade barriers like tariffs and quotas, and political instability, all of which increase risks and costs.
Step-by-step explanation:
There are several forces that can discourage participation in global business, including cultural differences, language barriers, trade barriers, and political instability. Cultural differences can lead to misunderstandings and miscommunication, potentially hampering business negotiations and operations. Language barriers can also obstruct clear communication, making it more difficult for companies to collaborate and engage with foreign partners and customers.
Trade barriers, such as tariffs, quotas, and other restrictions, can significantly increase the cost of exporting or importing goods, making it less profitable for businesses to participate in global trade. Governments often use trade barriers to protect domestic industries from foreign competition. Lastly, political instability, such as civil unrest, changes in government, or unpredictable regulatory environments, can create an uncertain climate for business, leading to increased risks that many companies may be reluctant to take on.