Final answer:
The federal hospitals' insurance plan enacted in 1965 is known as Medicare, which provides health insurance to Americans over the age of 65. It was a part of the Social Security Act of 1965 and was complemented by the establishment of Medicaid for the poor, disabled, and others with low income.
Step-by-step explanation:
The federal hospitals' insurance plan for aged enacted in 1965 is known as Medicare. This landmark legislation was part of the Social Security Act of 1965, and it provides health insurance to all Americans over the age of 65. Alongside Medicare, Congress also established Medicaid, a program that offers medical benefits to recipients of welfare, the disabled, and certain low-income individuals, including elderly poor with the need for nursing home care. While Medicare is predominantly funded and managed by the federal government, Medicaid is a joint program where the states and the federal government share costs and management. President Lyndon B. Johnson, recognizing the difficulties faced by the elderly who were among the nation's poorest, signed this act into law despite opposition from groups like the American Medical Association. Medicare has been a significant part of the healthcare landscape in America, evolving over the years to cover millions of seniors and ensuring they have access to essential medical services.