Final answer:
Acquired drives are learned through experiences and differ from innate drives, which are biological and unlearned. These drives fulfill psychological or social needs beyond physiological homeostasis. Maslow's hierarchy of needs describes a progression from basic physiological needs to higher-level psychological needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of drive-reduction theory, acquired drives are those drives that are learned through experiences. Unlike innate drives, which are biological and unlearned, acquired drives are influenced by environmental factors and personal experiences. For example, the desire for achievement or the fear of failure are acquired through social and personal experiences, they are not instinctual needs like hunger or thirst. These acquired drives can be seen as pushes to satisfy not just physiological homeostasis but also psychological or social needs.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a psychological theory that suggests humans are motivated by a series of needs, ranging from basic physiological needs to complex psychological needs such as self-actualization. According to Maslow, individuals must satisfy lower-level basic needs like food, shelter, and safety before they can pursue higher-level needs such as love, esteem, and eventually self-actualization.