Final answer:
The name for the three base sequence in mRNA that binds to a tRNA molecule to specify an amino acid placement in a protein is called a codon. There are 64 possible mRNA codons, each coding for a specific amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis. This codon-anticodon pairing is crucial for accurate protein translation.Option 5 is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name for the three base sequence in messenger RNA (mRNA) that binds to a tRNA molecule to specify an amino acid is called a codon. This codon is complementary to the anticodon on the tRNA, which carries a specific amino acid.
The mRNA is read in sets of three nucleotide bases known as codons. Each codon corresponds to a single amino acid. For example, the codon GGU codes for the amino acid glycine, while GUC codes for valine. During translation, the codon-anticodon interaction ensures that the correct amino acids are sequenced, following the genetic code, to form proteins.
The codon, a three-base sequence in mRNA, binds to tRNA's anticodon, carrying a specific amino acid. During translation, mRNA is read in triplets, each codon representing a single amino acid in the genetic code. For instance, GGU corresponds to glycine, and GUC codes for valine. The codon-anticodon interaction is pivotal in ensuring accurate amino acid sequencing during protein synthesis. This precision is essential for maintaining the fidelity of the genetic code, allowing cells to interpret and execute the instructions encoded in DNA, ultimately leading to the proper synthesis of diverse proteins critical for cellular structure and function.