Question

What is the difference between stratum corneum and stratum basale?

1) Stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, while stratum basale is the innermost layer.
2) Stratum corneum is responsible for protecting the skin from external factors, while stratum basale is involved in the production of new skin cells.
3) Stratum corneum is composed of dead skin cells, while stratum basale contains actively dividing cells.
4) Stratum corneum is thicker than stratum basale.

Answer 1

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of dead keratinocytes forming a barrier, while the stratum basale is the innermost layer containing stem cells responsible for generating new skin cells.

Step-by-step explanation:

The difference between the stratum corneum and the stratum basale lies in their position, function, and cell type within the epidermis. The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of 15 to 30 layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. These cells form a tough, waterproof barrier that prevents the penetration of microbes and dehydration of underlying tissues. On the other hand, the stratum basale, also known as the basal layer, is the innermost layer of the epidermis. It contains a single layer of basal cells, which are stem cells that divide to form new keratinocytes, melanocytes producing melanin for skin color, and Merkel cells associated with touch sensation.