Final answer:
Sigmund Freud maintained that psychological problems often stem from repressed childhood emotions and experiences, particularly related to psychosexual development. His theory includes the concepts of the id, ego, and superego, as well as the notion of ego defense mechanisms that emerge when there is intrapsychic conflict.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sigmund Freud believed that many psychological problems resulted from feelings and emotions repressed during childhood. Freud's psychoanalytic theory posits that the unconscious mind stores repressed memories that influence behavior, verbal slips, and dreams - indicators of inner conflicts rooted in childhood experiences. He emphasized the role of psychosexual development stages and noted that failure to resolve conflicts during these stages results in emotional and psychological consequences in adulthood. Freud's model of the psyche included three entities: the id (instinctual drives), the ego (the conscious self that mediates between the id and the world), and the superego (moral standards). The ego defense mechanisms are unconscious protective behaviors that aim to reduce anxiety when the ego can't mediate the conflict between the id and superego.