Final answer:
Trephining was an ancient practice believed to treat emotional disturbances by allowing evil spirits to escape through a hole made in the skull. Lobotomy, on the other hand, was a mid-20th century psychiatric procedure that has since been discredited.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ancient treatment for emotional disturbance was c. trephining. This practice involved making a hole in the skull, which ancient people believed allowed evil spirits to leave the body, thereby curing mental illness and other disorders. On the other hand, the prefrontal lobotomy was a psychiatric practice used in the 1940s and early 1950s to sever the connections between the prefrontal cortex and other regions of the brain, which was thought to be helpful for controlling mood disorders, psychoses, and certain personality disorders. However, lobotomy is an outdated and discredited procedure due to its severe and often negative effects on the personality and cognition of the patient.