Final answer:
Mead's study revealed that the Arapesh valued cooperation, the Mundugamor encouraged aggression in both genders, and the Tchambuli had reversed gender roles with powerful women and neurotic men.
Step-by-step explanation:
Margaret Mead's study of the Arapesh, Mundugamor, and Tchambuli peoples demonstrated notable emotional or behavioral differences between these three cultures from New Guinea that she observed in the early 20th century. Prevalent norms among the Arapesh included values of cooperation and gentleness, where they emphasized tolerance and communal support. In stark contrast, the Mundugamor culture upheld competitive, aggressive, and often violent behaviors for both men and women.
Distinctively, the Tchambuli (Chambri) society depicted reversed gender roles compared to Western expectations, with men appearing neurotic and superficial and women being considered relaxed, powerful, and in control. These findings challenged the biological determinism of gender roles and highlighted the impact of culture on gender expressions.