Question

Which of the following is not considered a necessary and sufficient condition for change in the person-centered framework?

1) Empathy
2) Unconditional positive regard
3) Congruence
4) Self-actualization

Answer 1

In Carl Rogers' person-centered therapy framework, the necessary and sufficient conditions for change are empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence. Self-actualization is not considered a condition for change in this context, but it is a key concept in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Step-by-step explanation:

The concept being discussed is related to the person-centered therapy framework developed by Carl Rogers, an influential figure in the field of humanistic psychology. In this framework, there are three core conditions considered both necessary and sufficient for facilitating change within a therapeutic context: empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence. These conditions are believed to provide a supportive environment in which individuals can explore and express their feelings and experiences freely, thus promoting personal growth and self-discovery. The final option listed, self-actualization, while an important concept in humanistic psychology, particularly in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, is not one of Rogers' three core conditions for change in therapy. Thus, self-actualization is not considered a necessary and sufficient condition for change in the person-centered framework.

Answer 2

In the person-centered framework by Carl Rogers, empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence are necessary and sufficient conditions for change. Self-actualization, on the other hand, is an outcome of the therapeutic process and is not considered a necessary and sufficient condition for change. The correct answer is 4)

Step-by-step explanation:

The question at hand pertains to the necessary and sufficient conditions for change within the person-centered framework of psychology, originally developed by Carl Rogers. In this framework, three factors are critical: unconditional positive regard, congruence (genuineness), and empathy. These factors are seen as essential for a therapist to effectively facilitate personal growth and healing in their clients.

Rogers's theory does not consider self-actualization as a condition for change but rather as an outcome. Self-actualization represents the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and is the process of realizing one's full potential, which is viewed as a life-long process that becomes available once other more basic needs are met. Therefore, self-actualization is the result of growth, rather than a precondition for it.

Hence, the correct answer is 4) Self-actualization. It is not considered a necessary and sufficient condition for change in the person-centered framework but is regarded as a goal or outcome of the therapeutic process.