Final answer:
In a communication model, floating ads are an example of noise, which refers to disruptions in the communication process. The minimal effects theory and the cultivation theory offer different perspectives on media's influence.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a basic communication model, floating ads can be considered an example of noise. Noise refers to any external factors that disrupt the communication process between the sender and receiver. In this context, floating ads might distract viewers from the main message being delivered, thus acting as noise that interferes with communication effectiveness. As for the theories mentioned, the minimal effects theory suggests that media has little effect on citizens and voters because interpersonal conversations can alter perceptions. However, the cultivation theory counters by suggesting that media can shape a person's worldview by consistently presenting a constructed reality.