Final answer:
Glucose and protein are not common solutes in urine; their presence often indicates an underlying condition such as diabetes for glucose, and kidney damage for protein. The correct answer to the true/false question is False.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that glucose and protein are common solutes within urine is False. Generally, glucose and proteins are not present in significant amounts in the urine of healthy individuals. In the kidneys, glucose and nutrients such as amino acids are filtered from the blood and then largely reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. If glucose does appear in the urine, it may be a sign of an underlying condition such as diabetes mellitus, where the blood sugar levels are high enough that the renal threshold is exceeded and the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose. Similarly, the presence of proteins in urine, a condition known as proteinuria, often indicates damage to the kidney's filtering units, the glomeruli, as proteins are typically too large to pass through a healthy glomerulus.