Final answer:
Nonpaying employees represented by unions but who do not pay dues are referred to as free riders, benefiting from collective bargaining and safer working conditions without contributing financially.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nonpaying employees who must be represented in collective bargaining, grievance administration, and arbitration by unions are known as free riders. This term refers to individuals who benefit from the higher wages, improved working conditions, and other advantages achieved through the efforts of a union, without contributing to the costs through union dues.
Free riders can receive the benefits of pay increases and better working conditions, for instance, without paying union dues, attending meetings, or participating in protests. This issue is a central tenet in discussions about the merits and drawbacks of labor union representation and how it impacts both workers and the companies they work for.