Question

"The procedures which vary in terms of steps, time limits for processing, and participants, can raise several administrative complexities and often appear inflexible, although they also serve as the arena for the dynamic social relationships between management and union officials, are called:

a. Open-door procedures.
b. Peer review procedures.
c. Codified procedures.
d. Grievance procedures.
e. Neutral evaluation procedures."

Answer 1

Grievance procedures are codified systems within bureaucracies designed to manage disputes between management and union officials, often seen as inflexible but critical for organizational oversight and resolving employee complaints.The right answer is option D)

Step-by-step explanation:

The procedures which vary in terms of steps, time limits for processing, and participants and serve as the arena for the dynamic social relationships between management and union officials are called grievance procedures. These procedures are a part of an organization's bureaucratic framework and are often perceived as inflexible due to their codified nature, yet they play a vital role in addressing employees' formal complaints or disputes. Bureaucracies establish explicit rules, and as issues such as cyberbullying and identity theft arise, organizations amend their rules to cover new concerns. Negotiated rulemaking is a method that involves stakeholders in the rulemaking process to prevent adversarial environments and encourage consensus. Within bureaucratic systems, such standard operating procedures ensure government bureaucratic oversight and are designed to make the organizations function as intended, although they can also contribute to the complexity known as red tape.