Question

The loss of reproductive capacity that occurs as females age is caused by ________.

1) Hormonal changes
2) Genetic mutations
3) Environmental factors
4) Physical changes

Answer 1

The loss of reproductive capacity in women as they age is primarily due to hormonal changes (option 1), marking the transition into menopause with decreased sensitivity of the ovaries to FSH and LH.

Step-by-step explanation:

The loss of reproductive capacity that occurs as females age is primarily caused by hormonal changes. This process, known as menopause, involves a decrease in sensitivity of the ovaries to Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH), resulting in a reduced production of estrogen and progesterone. As estrogen and progesterone levels decline, the menstrual cycle ceases, and a woman's ability to reproduce ends. Additional factors such as genetics, environmental influences, and physical changes can also contribute to the decrease in fertility, but hormonal changes due to aging are the key factor leading to the loss of reproductive capacity in women.