Final answer:
The book 'A Theory of the Labor Movement' was written by Selig Perlman. It involves the theory of Scarcity Consciousness within the labor movement and its effects on unionization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The book A Theory of the Labor Movement, which describes the Scarcity Consciousness Theory, was written by (D) Selig Perlman. This theory is referenced within the context of labor economics and pertains to the labor movement's ideologies and strategies, especially around unionization and collective bargaining.
Samuel Gompers and Karl Marx are other significant figures associated with labor movements and theories, with Gompers being affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and promoting skilled labor, while Marx's ideas led to widespread influence on socialism and labor organization. However, Perlman's work specifically addressed the psychological aspect of labor organizing, focusing on the mindset of workers and scarcity.