Final answer:
To translate mRNA into proteins, transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) are required. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome, where rRNA helps align mRNA and catalyzes peptide bond formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
To translate a mRNA, two other types of RNA are required: transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The correct answer to the question is option 3) tRNA and rRNA.
mRNA is a single-stranded transcript of DNA that carries the genetic information for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. tRNA transfers specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. rRNA is a major constituent of ribosomes, ensuring the proper alignment of mRNA and catalyzing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.
MicroRNA (miRNA) and siRNA are involved in the regulation of gene expression but are not directly involved in the translation process of mRNA into proteins.