Final answer:
The specific purpose statement indicates an informative speech that seeks to explain the reasons behind the near extinction of mountain gorillas, focusing on providing detailed information to the audience.
Step-by-step explanation:
The specific purpose statement 'To inform my audience of the reasons for the near extinction of mountain gorillas' is for an informative speech. Informative speeches are designed to explain, describe, or demonstrate particular subjects to the audience. In this case, the speech aims to inform the audience about the environmental situation concerning mountain gorillas. The purpose is not to persuade, entertain, or demonstrate a process, but rather to provide comprehensive information that allows the audience to understand the factors leading to the near extinction of these animals. This would involve presenting facts, figures, and possibly visual aids to effectively communicate the reasons behind the current status of mountain gorillas.