Final answer:
Jean-Paul Sartre exemplifies a moral dilemma with the choice between staying with one's mother or joining the Free French Forces, highlighting the concepts of freedom, responsibility, and bad faith in existentialist philosophy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The moral dilemma that Jean-Paul Sartre gives as an example is that a man must choose between staying with his mother or fighting with the Free French Forces. This scenario illustrates Sartre's existentialist philosophy, which emphasizes freedom and the weight of responsibility that comes with it. In Sartre's view, humans are condemned to be free; regardless of the circumstances, individuals always have a choice, and by choosing or choosing not to choose, they take on responsibility for their actions.
This ties into Sartre's belief in bad faith, the act of denying one's freedom and responsibility by acting as if one had no choice. His existential philosophy contends that moral responsibility remains even if one's actions are determined by antecedents. Sartre's teachings point to the idea that human beings always have the option of exercising their free will, whether it be in mundane decisions or in significant life choices, ranging from professional paths to personal beliefs and responses to extreme circumstances.