Final answer:
Rousseau suggests that men and women differ due to a combination of nature and socialization. His social contract theory implies that society shapes the natural differences between genders.
Step-by-step explanation:
Jean-Jacques Rousseau suggests that men and women differ because of natural differences, which are also shaped by society and socialization processes. Rousseau, a prominent philosopher during the Enlightenment, introduced ideas on the social contract and expressed that individuals have natural rights, but also that society plays a major role in shaping individuals through expectations, education, and institutions. While Rousseau did not explicitly write about the psychological or intellectual differences between men and women, his concept of natural differences being influenced by society could imply that both nature and socialization contribute to observed differences between genders. So, while his social contract theory doesn't directly speak to gender differences, it forms a foundation that can be extended to understand how he might have viewed the roles of men and women in society.