Final answer:
The two countries that are known for ranking high in uncertainty avoidance, which is a cultural dimension that indicates how comfortable people are with uncertainty, are3. Greece and Portugal. T
Step-by-step explanation:
The student question asks to identify two countries that outrank others in uncertainty avoidance, which is a cultural dimension defined by Geert Hofstede. This dimension reflects the degree to which people in a society are comfortable with uncertainty and ambiguity. Uncertainty avoidance pertains to a society's tolerance for uncertainty and unstructured situations. High uncertainty avoidance implies a high level of stress and an emotional need for rules, while low uncertainty avoidance societies are more relaxed, open, or adaptable.
According to Hofstede's cultural dimensions, countries with high uncertainty avoidance are likely to have strict laws and rules, a low tolerance for deviance from norms, and a tendency toward high levels of anxiety and stress in the face of uncertainty and change. The options given are pairs of countries, and the task is to identify which pair ranks higher in uncertainty avoidance.
Based on the lists provided, which appear unrelated to the question, and using external knowledge since the lists do not directly answer the question, the two countries that are generally known to have high uncertainty avoidance are Greece and Portugal (option 3). These countries are known for having strict rules and a low tolerance for unexpected outcomes, compared to the countries listed as options for this question, which do not include Greece or Portugal among the rankings for uncertainty avoidance.