Final answer:
NADPH is made from NADP+ and a hydrogen ion, and it functions as an energy carrier in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, assisting in the Calvin cycle to synthesize sugars.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two molecules that make NADPH are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) and a hydrogen atom (H+), with the addition of two electrons (e-). During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is absorbed and used to add these electrons and the hydrogen ion to NADP+, reducing it to NADPH. This process is essential since NADPH is a carrier of reducing power and is used, along with ATP, in the Calvin cycle to synthesize sugars.