Final answer:
The Bohr model of the atom features electrons in fixed circular orbits, while Schrödinger's model describes them using probabilistic wavefunctions. Both agree on a positively charged nucleus with electrons influenced by electrostatic potential, but differ in their approach to electron position and behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The differences and similarities between the electron model by Erwin Schrödinger and the planetary model by Niels Bohr primarily involve the behavior of electrons around a nucleus. Bohr proposed that electrons move in fixed circular orbits around the nucleus with quantized energies, angular momentum, and radii. These orbits explain atomic spectra but do not account for all the subtleties of electron behavior. Schrödinger's model, which is a foundational part of quantum mechanics, describes the electron not in terms of fixed orbits but as a cloud of probabilities given by the wavefunction. Electrons are seen as three-dimensional wave patterns with energies that are calculated from the wavefunction, not from fixed orbits.
Both models share the concept of a central, positively charged nucleus and acknowledge the role of the Coulomb electrostatic potential. However, the Bohr model simplistically quantizes orbits, while Schrödinger's model takes a probabilistic approach and follows the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which means the exact position and momentum of an electron cannot be simultaneously known.