Final answer:
The question refers to the study of living animals, their body components, and their interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment, which is central to the biology discipline.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of the components of living animals and their interactions, which allow the animals to perform as they do, is a fundamental aspect of biology. Such interactions encompass both the biotic, involving other living organisms, and the abiotic environment, which includes non-living elements like temperature and soil. Animal physiology, morphology, and behavioral adaptations are critical in understanding how these interactions enable organisms to thrive within their specific habitats. For instance, researchers studying marsh ecosystems examine the interactions among bird populations, crabs, and grasses, revealing how these species are adapted to their environment.
An organism's body plan, size, and shape, which stem from its anatomy and physiology, are designed to suit its environment, indicating how diversity among biological systems affects their environmental interactions. These interactions are vital for survival, dictating whether an organism can exist and how it behaves in diverse conditions ranging from the deep sea to the desert.