Final answer:
The Drosophila-specific transposon is known as the P element, which is distinct from the maize Ac/Ds system and the Mu phage found in bacteria. The correct option is 2) P element
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of a Drosophila-specific transposon is the P element. Drosophila melanogaster, or the common fruit fly, is often used as a model organism in genetic studies and has unique transposons, one of which is the P element. This transposon is known for its role in causing genetic mutations and has been extensively studied for understanding gene regulation and function within the fruit fly genome.
The Ac/Ds system mentioned belongs to maize, not Drosophila, and was discovered by Barbara McClintock, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize. While the Mu phage mentioned functions as a transposon in bacteria, not in Drosophila. It is important to note that transposons are a widespread phenomenon and are present in various organisms, playing significant roles in genome dynamics and evolution. The correct option is 2) P element