Final answer:
The approved sweeteners mentioned in the explanation are aspartame and sucralose.
Therefore, the correct answer is 4) Monosodium glutamate as it is not an FDA-approved non-nutritive sweetener.
Step-by-step explanation:
The FDA approved non-nutritive sweeteners include aspartame, sucralose, saccharin, and acesulfame potassium (acesulfame-K). Aspartame, which is about 180 times sweeter than sucrose, is a popular sugar substitute recognized by its blue packaging in restaurants. It was discovered in 1965 and approved by the FDA for use in 1981. Despite controversies regarding its safety due to its metabolites, extensive studies have found it to be safe for consumption by healthy individuals. Aspartame is not suitable for baking as it is not heat stable.
Sucralose, on the other hand, is highly heat stable and thus can be used for baking. Approved by the FDA in April 1998, sucralose is synthesized from sucrose with three chlorine atoms substituting three OH groups, making it about 600 times sweeter than sugar. Like aspartame, it is considered safe for consumption and is recognized by its yellow packaging when provided in small packets for adding to beverages.
In summary, both aspartame and sucralose are FDA-approved non-nutritive sweeteners, but aspartame is known for not being heat stable and therefore not used in baked goods, whereas sucralose is heat stable and can be used in a variety of culinary applications including baking.
Therefore, the correct answer is 4) Monosodium glutamate as it is not an FDA-approved non-nutritive sweetener.