Question

Spindles poles distance themselves from each other during anaphase by?

1) Pushing of microtubules to opposite ends of the cells by kinesins that are anchored to each other.
2) Pulling of microtubules to opposite ends of the cell by anchored kinesins.
3) Pulling of microtubules toward the cell periphery by anchored dyneins.
4) Pushing of microtubules to opposite ends of the cell by dyneins that are anchored to each other.
5) Pushing of microtubules to opposite ends of the cells by kinesins that are anchored to each other AND pulling of microtubules toward the cell periphery by anchored dyneins.

Answer 1

Polar microtubules, aided by dynein, push apart the spindle poles during anaphase, while microtubule disassembly at the centrioles also helps pull daughter chromosomes to opposite poles.

Step-by-step explanation:

During anaphase, spindle poles distance themselves from each other largely due to the action of polar microtubules, which slide past one another and push apart the poles of the cell. This sliding mechanism is facilitated by the motor protein dynein, which is attached to the microtubules from one pole and 'walks' along overlapping microtubules extending from the opposite pole. In addition, microtubule disassembly at the centrioles, or MTOCs, contributes to this movement by providing the force that helps to draw daughter chromosomes to the opposite poles as cell division continues. The process described in option 3 of the question, pulling of microtubules toward the cell periphery by anchored dyneins, works in conjunction with the pushing mechanism to elongate the cell.