Final answer:
Memory loss can result from encoding failure when information is not effectively stored, retrieval failure when stored information cannot be accessed, and from two types of interference: proactive, where old information blocks new, and retroactive, where new information blocks old.
Step-by-step explanation:
Memory loss can occur due to several problems in the memory process such as encoding failure, retrieval failure, and interference effects. Encoding failure refers to the brain's inability to create a memory link because the information was never effectively processed. This happens when attention is not paid to the details necessary for encoding the information into long-term memory.
Retrieval failure occurs when the information is stored in memory but cannot be accessed, often due to retrieval cues being absent or inadequate. Interference effects include two types: proactive interference and retroactive interference. Proactive interference is when old information prevents the recall of newer information, while retroactive interference occurs when new information hinders the recall of older information. These memory errors can have various implications on daily functions and learning processes.
Overall, our ability to remember can be impeded by factors at different stages of the memory process, from initial encoding to eventual retrieval, with interference playing a significant role in our capacity to recall information accurately.