Question

What are germ cell (germ-line) mutations?

1) Mutations that occur in somatic cells
2) Mutations that occur in germ cells
3) Mutations that occur in both somatic and germ cells
4) Mutations that occur in neither somatic nor germ cells

Answer 1

Option 2.

Germ cell (germ-line) mutations are those that occur in the reproductive cells, such as eggs and sperm, and can be passed on to offspring.

Step-by-step explanation:

Germ cell (germ-line) mutations are mutations that occur in germ cells. Germ cells are the gametes, such as egg and sperm cells, that are involved in reproduction.

Because these mutations occur in the reproductive cells, they can be transmitted to offspring, which means that every cell in the offspring's body will carry the mutation.

This is in contrast to somatic mutations, which occur in the cells of the body that do not contribute to the next generation; hence, somatic mutations cannot be passed on to offspring.

Germline mutations are significant as they affect the genetic makeup of the future generations and can result in inherited genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sach's disease, and hemophilia, among others.

Alternatively, somatic mutations can result in issues such as benign tumors, cancer, or other diseases that affect only the individual in which they occur and do not have a direct impact on future generations.

To answer the question, please mention the correct option in the final answer: The correct option is 2) Mutations that occur in germ cells.