The statement that is NOT characteristic of Judaism is C. "Muhammad was the founder of the religion." Judaism is one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions, and it traces its roots back to the covenant made between God and the patriarch Abraham. Muhammad is a central figure in Islam, not Judaism.
Judaism is characterized by its rich traditions, rituals, and beliefs. Religious services, option A, do take place in synagogues where the community gathers for prayer, study, and communal activities. The Sabbath, option B, is a sacred day in Judaism that begins at sunset on Friday and continues until sunset on Saturday. This day is dedicated to rest, reflection, and spiritual rejuvenation, highlighting the importance of the seventh day in the Genesis creation narrative.
Option D, "Yom Kippur is a sacred holiday," is also a characteristic of Judaism. Yom Kippur, also known as the Day of Atonement, is one of the holiest days in the Jewish calendar. It is a day of fasting, prayer, and repentance, emphasizing the themes of forgiveness and spiritual introspection.
In summary, the statement that deviates from the characteristics of Judaism is option C, as Muhammad is not considered the founder of Judaism. Instead, Judaism traces its origins to the covenant between God and Abraham, as described in the Hebrew Bible.