Final answer:
Le Corbusier's 'Architecture or Revolution' implies a dire need for architectural innovation to prevent societal upheaval, and his machine aesthetic, utilizing new technologies from the Industrial Revolution, prioritizes functionality in building design.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Le Corbusier titled the last section of his book 'Toward an Architecture' as 'Architecture or Revolution', he suggested that modern architecture must innovate drastically to address societal needs, or else society might face a revolution due to the inadequacies of the current state of architecture. In the context of post-World War I Europe, many artists and architects sought new forms and designs that would enable a utopian future, moving away from the mistakes of the past. Le Corbusier's machine aesthetic is a reflection of this sentiment, where the style is inspired by rationality, efficiency, and new materials introduced during the Industrial Revolution. This aesthetic contributed to new architectural ideals by emphasizing the function of buildings and rejecting decoration. Free façade and open floor plans were some of the innovations of Le Corbusier that aligned with this philosophy. The statement 'A house is a machine for living in' encapsulates his vision for buildings serving the purpose of their inhabitants above all.