Final answer:
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is an indicator of kidney function, normally ranging from 80 to 125 mL/min for females and slightly higher for males. A normal GFR is important for kidney health, and a value below 60 mL/min/1.73 m² for an extended period indicates chronic kidney disease. The correct option for a normal GFR is option 2.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a crucial indicator of kidney function and represents the volume of filtrate formed by both kidneys each minute. Under normal resting conditions, the heart pumps around 5 L of blood per minute, and about 20 percent of this enters the kidneys to be filtered. The range of normal GFR for male individuals is typically between 90 to 140 mL/min, equating to approximately 180 L/day. For female individuals, a normal GFR ranges from 80 to 125 mL/min, which corresponds to about 150 L/day.
It is also important to note that a GFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m² for three months is classified as having chronic kidney disease (CKD). This lower level of kidney function may be associated with numerous complications. Therefore, keeping track of GFR is vital for assessing kidney health and function.
In the context of the options provided in the student's question, a normal GFR is 80 to 125 mL/min, aligning with option 2). This range is because the estimated GFR for females falls within this boundary and is close to the average GFR in males. Hence, the correct option is 2).