Question

In a __________ feedback loop, both the endocrine and nervous systems can be involved?

1) first order
2) second order
3) third order
4) both B and C

Answer 1

In feedback loops involving both the endocrine and nervous systems, both second order and third order feedback can be involved, meaning the correct answer is option 4) both B and C. Hormones are the molecules likely to be released by organs within the endocrine system.

Step-by-step explanation:

In a feedback loop where both the endocrine and nervous systems are involved, such as in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, we often refer to this as a higher order feedback system. To answer the student's question specifically, options include:

First order

Second order

Third order

Both second and third order

When the nervous system directly stimulates the release of hormones from the endocrine system, such as the fast-acting fight-or-flight response, this is indicative of a complex interaction between these two systems. Therefore, the correct answer is 4) both B and C, meaning both second order and third order feedback loops can involve the integration of the endocrine and nervous systems.

Regarding part D of the student's question, if organs A and B are part of the endocrine system, molecules A1 and B1 are likely to be hormones, which are the chemical signals that the endocrine system uses to communicate with the body.