Final answer:
Mineralocorticoids are the vertebrate hormones involved in water and electrolyte balance in the body. Aldosterone is an example of a mineralocorticoid hormone that stimulates the reabsorption of water and sodium ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vertebrate hormones involved in water and electrolyte balance in the body are called mineralocorticoids. These hormones help regulate ion and water balance by enhancing sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidney tubules. One example of a mineralocorticoid hormone is aldosterone, which is produced by the adrenal cortex. It stimulates the reabsorption of water and sodium ions, resulting in increased blood pressure and volume.