Final answer:
The main water and overland routes used historically include the Silk Road, maritime routes, and water transportation along rivers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main water and overland routes used historically include the Silk Road, maritime routes, and water transportation along rivers. The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that connected Asia, Europe, and Africa. It was an overland route that facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures. Maritime routes, such as those used by explorers like Zheng He, allowed for trade and exploration across the world's oceans. Rivers like the Danube and the Rhine in Europe provided water transportation for travel and trade within the continent.