Final answer:
During eukaryotic cell replication, there are at least 14 known DNA polymerases, with five playing major roles named pol α, pol β, pol γ, pol δ, and pol ε. The actual number of DNA polymerase molecules during replication varies depending on replication activity. Eukaryotic replication involves a more complex system due to larger genomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The number of DNA polymerases involved in eukaryotic cell replication is significantly higher than in prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotes have at least 14 known DNA polymerases, among which five have major roles during the replication process. These five are specifically known as pol α, pol β, pol γ, pol δ, and pol ε. However, the actual number of DNA polymerase molecules at any one time during replication is not fixed and will depend on the number of replication forks and the activity within the cell.
Replication forks can move at a rate of up to 1000 nucleotides per second, and since DNA polymerases can only extend in the 5' to 3' direction, a leading and lagging strand are formed during replication. The key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic replication lies in the complexity and number of proteins involved, with eukaryotes having a more complex set of enzymes to manage their typically larger genomes.