Final answer:
Manual file systems were a rudimentary form of data storage for small data collections before the implementation of more complex data management systems in larger operations like the U.S. Census Bureau in the 1950s.
Step-by-step explanation:
Manual file systems were essential in managing small data collections before the advent of sophisticated data management systems. In the 1950s, complex systems were in place for larger data collections, such as those used by the U.S. Census Bureau, which involved transferring paper questionnaire data onto microfilm to facilitate rapid processing by computers. However, for smaller data sets, manual systems sufficed, involving simple, physically organized files. Manual file systems acted as rudimentary databases catering to limited data amounts, where efficiency and immediate electronic access were not as critical. They provided a structured yet basic way to store and retrieve data without the need for electronic data processing technologies which were either not available or feasible for smaller scale operations.
Over time, these manual systems became obsolete as digital storage and retrieval systems became more accessible and practical for all sizes of data collections, including those with only tens of thousands of entries or objects.