Final answer:
The long history of dynastic rule in China ended with the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911 after internal rebellions and the Boxer Rebellion challenged imperial authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The event that ended the long history of dynastic rule in China was the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. Following a series of internal and external challenges, including uprisings such as the one led by Li Zicheng and the rebellion against foreign influence known as the Boxer Rebellion, the last emperor of China abdicated, leading to the establishment of the Republic of China.
Li Zicheng's capture of Beijing in 1644, although short-lived, is also significant as it signalled the vulnerability of the Ming Dynasty, which was eventually replaced by the Qing Dynasty – the last imperial dynasty to rule China.