Final answer:
The two primary functions of the testicles are sperm production and the secretion of testosterone. Sperm production occurs in the seminiferous tubules within the testes. Option 1 is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Functions of the Testicles
The two main functions of the testicles are sperm production and the secretion of the male sex hormone, testosterone. These organs are part of the male reproductive system and are housed within the scrotum, a skin pouch that also contains the epididymis. The testes, or testicles, are composed of seminiferous tubules that are the site of sperm production. Supporting these tubules are Sertoli cells that provide nutrients and a supportive environment for sperm development. Additionally, Leydig cells located between the tubules secrete testosterone, which plays a crucial role in male secondary sexual development and reproductive function.
The correct answer to the question is: 1) sperm and testosterone production.
The epididymis, which sits atop the testes inside the scrotum, is responsible for sperm maturation and storage. As part of the reproductive process, the mature sperm is transported from the epididymis during ejaculation. Thus, while the testicles produce sperm and testosterone, the epididymis serves the purpose of nurturing and storing the sperm until it is ready to be released.
Testosterone is vital not only for the maturation of reproductive organs but also for the development of male characteristics such as facial hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle mass. Testes are uniquely positioned in the scrotum outside the body, which provides a cooler temperature critical for the stability of sperm.