Question

With frequent exceptions, especially in plants, organisms typically inherit one chromosome complement from each parent (haploid = n = one representative of each chromosome). Such organisms are diploid, or 2n. When an organism contains complete multiples of the n complement (3n, 4n, 5n, etc.) it is said to be euploid in contrast with aneuploidy in which complete haploid sets do not occur. An example of an aneuploidy is trisomy, where a chromosome is added to the 2n complement. In humans, trisomy 21 would be symbolized as 2n +1 or 47,21+.

Answer 1

A diploid organism has two sets of chromosomes inherited from each parent. Trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, is an example of aneuploidy in humans.

Step-by-step explanation:

A diploid organism is one that inherits one chromosome complement from each parent, resulting in two sets of chromosomes in each somatic cell. Homologous chromosomes are matched pairs containing the same genes in identical locations along their lengths. In contrast, aneuploidy is a condition where there is an abnormal number of chromosomes, such as trisomy, where an extra chromosome is present. Trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, is an example of aneuploidy in humans.

Diploid organisms possess two sets of chromosomes, with homologous pairs inherited from each parent. Aneuploidy is the condition of having an abnormal number of chromosomes, with trisomy 21 or Down syndrome being a common human example. Down syndrome individuals display characteristic features and developmental challenges due to an extra chromosome.

Diploid organisms, such as most animals and plants including humans, have two sets of chromosomes in each somatic cell - one set inherited from each parent. These matched pairs are called homologous chromosomes, and they contain the same genes at identical locations along their length. Human body cells, or somatic cells, are diploid with 46 chromosomes, designated as 2n; whereas human gametes (sperm or eggs) are haploid with 23 chromosomes, designated as n.

Aneuploidy refers to the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, such as a monosomy or a trisomy. Down syndrome, or trisomy 21, is the most common form of aneuploidy in humans, characterized by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibit distinctive physical traits, developmental delays, and a range of functional challenges due to an excess in gene dosage.