Final answer:
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries is known as external respiration, driven by partial pressure differences and facilitated by hemoglobin in red blood cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries is known as external respiration. This vital process is driven by the partial pressure differences in oxygen and carbon dioxide across the respiratory membrane. External respiration occurs when oxygen diffuses from the alveoli, where its concentration is high, into the blood in pulmonary capillaries. Conversely, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood, where it is more concentrated, into the alveoli to be exhaled. This process is facilitated by hemoglobin, which binds oxygen in the red blood cells, carrying it through the bloodstream to the tissues.
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries is called external respiration. This process occurs as a result of partial pressure differences in oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries. Oxygen diffuses across the respiratory membrane from the alveoli to the capillary, while carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction.