Final answer:
Colorblindness is generally linked to the X chromosome and a son cannot inherit it directly from his father because he inherits the Y chromosome from his father. DNA fingerprinting can be used to establish a child's relationship to their parents. These concepts are rooted in genetics and heredity as part of high school biology.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of the statements provided identifying which can be tested using scientific method, the true condition concerning the son's DNA fingerprint to establish relationship to the mother and father, as well as colorblindness inheritance, we are addressing questions that revolve around the principles of genetics and heredity in high school biology.
When determining whether a son could inherit colorblindness from his father, it's important to note that this condition is generally linked to the X chromosome. Since males have one X and one Y chromosome, a son inherits the Y chromosome from his father, which does not carry the genetic information for colorblindness. Thus, a son cannot inherit colorblindness directly from his father; he would receive it from his mother if she carries the trait on one of her X chromosomes.
The aforementioned information aligns with scientific method principles where hypotheses can be formed and tested based on genetics. In the case of colorblindness, understanding how sex-linked traits are inherited allows us to make predictions about their occurrence within a family. Additionally, a child's DNA fingerprint involves analysis of genetic markers that confirm parental relationships through comparison with the mother's and father's genetic material.