Final answer:
Job Analysis is the process of gathering information on work-related aspects of a job, used in creating HR systems for recruiting, selection, and training. It uses observation, surveys, and interviews to inform job descriptions and specifications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Collecting information on the important work-related aspects of a job, which is crucial for building an effective Human Resources (HR) system for activities such as recruiting, selection, and training, is known as Job Analysis. Methods such as observation, surveys, and interviews are utilized to gather the necessary information for this process. In the field of industrial-organizational psychology, job analysis is a foundational step used to accurately describe a job and match persons to tasks within an organization. It informs various HR functions, including the creation of job descriptions and job specifications, which detail the tasks performed in a job and the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) required of the worker, respectively.
Furthermore, job analysis is fundamental to the personnel selection process, guiding the interview questions and criteria used to evaluate candidates. It is imperative for HR professionals to ensure that job analysis is accurate and reliable, as it forms the basis for effective employee selection, training, and performance assessment.