Final answer:
Mentoring is the process where an experienced employee guides a less-experienced one, which has positive effects such as increased job satisfaction and better performance. It's part of broader training strategies that include orientation and setting measurable goals for new hires. Thus, the option "1" is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
When an experienced employee guides and supports a newcomer or less-experienced employee, this process is referred to as mentoring. Mentoring is a form of informal training where the mentor provides the protégé with guidance, knowledge, and support. While sometimes mentors are formally assigned, a mentoring relationship can also develop informally. This relationship is known to have positive effects, including increased job satisfaction, greater organizational commitment, and even improved job performance and promotions. Moreover, effective mentoring can be especially important for career success in groups that might face discrimination, such as women.
Training is another critical aspect for new employees, beginning with an orientation that introduces them to company policies and culture. Effective training, including mentoring, is shown to improve immediate response to tasks, learning outcomes, job behavior, and overall organizational productivity and profits. It is also an avenue for new hires to understand their roles and set measurable goals for their first year on the job.